By : Verellian Moraa

a.POLITICAL CHALLENGE
It has not been experienced peace and stability after independence;civil war has claimed lives and property .Reliance on foreigners for technical man power and administrative needs up yo 1965..secession of katanga and kasai during 1960 Congo crisis.Belgian troops also exploited minerals in the two regions..
Political instability due to sacking of lumumba in 1960 and his subsequent assassination in 1961.external interference between 1960-1964 by UN and Belgium.unrest due to the coup organised by mobutu in 1965 .He banned political parties,suspended constitution and parliament.
Shaba revolution (1977-1978)left many soldiers dead.One party dictatorship of mobutu sese seko.Assasination of Joseph kabila who had dreams of building Congo..Rebels who constantly commit atrocious activities e.g massacre of 160 refugees in Burundi by DRC rebels .This straight international relations.
ECONOMIC CHALLENGES
Repartriation of mining profits to western nations e.g by Belgium who mine extensively in the country .lack of effective trade with her partiners in the 90s slowed down her economic growth .Angolan war prevented her from exporting due to closure of sea route of Benguela ,thus lack of needed foreign exchange.weakening of currency due to massive moneyvprinting .poor economic policies ,hunger ,poverty,rising debt and corruption.
SOCIAL CHALLENGES
Poor education system in the 1960s.This led to high levels of illitracy .unemployment and low standards of living leading poverty..non employment and low salaries to civil servants has led to increased crime levels and starvation ..
Poor conditons in refugee camps due to delayed material supply as political instability still abounds .the materials supplied are also inadequate.mass murders have derailed peace Hunger,mulnutrition ,misery and insecurity have discredited kabila regime ..








